前言

使用 PHP+MongoDB 的用户很多，因为 MongoDB 对非结构化数据的存储很方便。在 PHP5 及以前，官方提供了两个扩展，Mongo 和 MongoDB，其中 Mongo 是对以 MongoClient 等几个核心类为基础的类群进行操作，封装得很方便，所以基本上都会选择 Mongo 扩展。

详情请见官方手册：https://www.php.net/manual/zh/book.mongo.php

但是随着 PHP5 升级到 PHP7，官方不再支持 Mongo 扩展，只支持 MongoDB，而 PHP7 的性能提升巨大，让人无法割舍，所以怎么把 Mongo 替换成 MongoDB 成为了一个亟待解决的问题。MongoDB 引入了命名空间，但是功能封装非常差，如果非要用原生的扩展，几乎意味着写原生的 Mongo 语句。这种想法很违背 ORM 简化 DB IO 操作带来的语法问题而专注逻辑优化的思路。

详情也可参见官方手册：https://www.php.net/manual/zh/set.mongodb.php

在这种情况之下，MongoDB 官方忍不住了，为了方便使用，增加市场占有率，推出了基于MongoDB 扩展的库：https://github.com/mongodb/mongo-php-library

该库的详细文档见：https://docs.mongodb.com/php-library/current/reference/

MongoDB 驱动

如果使用原驱动的话，大致语法如下：

<?phpuse MongoDB\Driver\Manager;use MongoDB\Driver\BulkWrite;use MongoDB\Driver\WriteConcern;use MongoDB\Driver\Query;use MongoDB\Driver\Command;class MongoDb {    protected $mongodb;    protected $database;    protected $collection;    protected $bulk;    protected $writeConcern;    protected $defaultConfig        = [            'hostname' => 'localhost',            'port' => '27017',            'username' => '',            'password' => '',            'database' => 'test'        ];    public function __construct($config) {        $config = array_merge($this->defaultConfig, $config);        $mongoServer = "mongodb://";        if ($config['username']) {            $mongoServer .= $config['username'] . ':' . $config['password'] . '@';        }        $mongoServer .= $config['hostname'];        if ($config['port']) {            $mongoServer .= ':' . $config['port'];        }        $mongoServer .= '/' . $config['database'];        $this->mongodb = new Manager($mongoServer);        $this->database = $config['database'];        $this->collection = $config['collection'];        $this->bulk = new BulkWrite();        $this->writeConcern = new WriteConcern(WriteConcern::MAJORITY, 100);    }    public function query($where = [], $option = []) {        $query = new Query($where, $option);        $result = $this->mongodb->executeQuery("$this->database.$this->collection", $query);        return json_encode($result);    }    public function count($where = []) {        $command = new Command(['count' => $this->collection, 'query' => $where]);        $result = $this->mongodb->executeCommand($this->database, $command);        $res = $result->toArray();        $count = 0;        if ($res) {            $count = $res[0]->n;        }        return $count;    }    public function update($where = [], $update = [], $upsert = false) {        $this->bulk->update($where, ['$set' => $update], ['multi' => true, 'upsert' => $upsert]);        $result = $this->mongodb->executeBulkWrite("$this->database.$this->collection", $this->bulk, $this->writeConcern);        return $result->getModifiedCount();    }    public function insert($data = []) {        $this->bulk->insert($data);        $result = $this->mongodb->executeBulkWrite("$this->database.$this->collection", $this->bulk, $this->writeConcern);        return $result->getInsertedCount();    }    public function delete($where = [], $limit = 1) {        $this->bulk->delete($where, ['limit' => $limit]);        $result = $this->mongodb->executeBulkWrite("$this->database.$this->collection", $this->bulk, $this->writeConcern);        return $result->getDeletedCount();    }}

这样的语法和之前差异太大，改动不方便，换 PHP MongoDB 库

MongoDB 库

1.连接

原

new MongoClient();

新

new MongoDB\Client();

2.新增

原

$collention->insert($array, $options);

新

$resultOne = $collention->insertOne($array, $options);//单$lastId = $resultOne->getInsertedId();$resultMany = $collention->insertMany($array, $options);//多$count = $resultMany->getInsertedCount();

3.修改

原

$collention->update($condition, [    '$set' => $values,[    'multiple' => true//多条，单条false]);

新

$collection->updateOne(    ['state' => 'ny'],    ['$set' => ['country' => 'us']]);$updateResult = $collection->updateMany(    ['state' => 'ny'],    ['$set' => ['country' => 'us']]);$count = $updateResult->getModifiedCount();

4.查询

原

$cursor = $collection->find($condition, [    'name' => true//指定字段]);$cursor->skip(5);$cursor->limit(5);$cursor->sort([    'time' => -1]);

新

$cursor = $collection->find($condition, [    'skip' => 5,    'limit' => 5,    'sort' => [        'time' => -1    ],//排序    'projection' => [        'name' => 1//指定字段    ]]);

5.删除

原

$collention->remove($condition, [    'justOne' => false//删单条]);$collention->remove([]);//删所有

新

$result = $collention->deleteOne($condition, $options);$collention->deleteMany($condition, $options);$result->getDeletedCount();

补充

有些人可能习惯以类似 MySQL 的自增 ID 来处理数据，以前可能使用 findAndModify() 方法来查询并修改：

$collention->findAndModify([    '_id' => $tableName//我在自增表中用其它的表名作主键], [    '$inc' => ['id' => 1]//自增], [    '_id' => 0], [    'new' => 1//返回修改后的结果，默认是修改前的]);

现在使用 MongoDB 库的话需要修改为：

$collention->findOneAndUpdate([    '_id' => $tableName], [    '$inc' => ['id' => 1]], [    'projection' => ['id' => 1],    'returnDocument' => MongoDB\Operation\FindOneAndUpdate::RETURN_DOCUMENT_AFTER]);

类似的还有 findOneAndDelete() findOneAndReplace()，更多内容可见文档

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